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In section 3.7.1, of the book (made available freely online, by the author himself at: https://holub.com/goodies/compiler/c...rDesignInC.pdf, have on page #176), the mention of grammar, for a right-recursive list:
Code: stmt_list -> stmt stmt_list | stmt
stmt -> A | B| C while on the previous page, the left recursive version is given:
Code: stmt_list -> stmt_list stmt| stmt
stmt -> A | B| C (But, am at-first, concerned with the right-recursive version.)

The figure 3.4, on page #176, shows the corresponding parse tree for a right-recursive list(grammar).

On page #177, there is listing 3.1 for: Left Associativity with a Right-Recursive Grammar; given below:
Code: 1 stmt_list()
2 {
3  /* Code is generated as you create the tree, before the subtree is
4  * processed.
5  */
6
7  remember= stmt();
8
9  process statement( remember);
10
II  if( not_at_end_of_input () )
12      stmt_list();
13  }
14
15  stmt ()
16  {
17      return( read() );
18  } So, it means that given the arithmetic expression: 2*3*5 -112 +2 +3; the parse tree would have the sequence of operators processed as shown by the order imposed by the enclosing parenthesis: ((((2*3)*5) -112 )+2)+3

But, in the next listing (3.2), the author by the below code states to achieve, right-to-left associativity, in the right-recursive grammar.
So, now the given arithmetic expression: 2*3*5 -112 +2; the parse tree would have the sequence of operators processed as shown by the order imposed by the enclosing parenthesis: ((2*(3*5) -112 +(2+3).

Code: 1 stmt_list()
2 {
3  /* Code is generated as you create the tree, before the subtree is
4  * processed.
5  */
6
7  remember= stmt();
8
9  if( not_at_end_of_input () )
10          stmt_list();
II 
12  process statement( remember); //the statement is changed, as per errata at: https://holub.com/goodies/compiler/compiler.design.in.c.docs.pdf; page #19
13  }
14
15  stmt ()
16  {
17      return( read() );
18  }
Am totally confused, how the change of associativity occurs with change of position, of the line: Code: process statement( remember); , wrt the recursive call.

Published at LXer:

Penguins are OK with glaciers. Academics not so muchAh, gentle reader, we find ourselves once again at that juncture of the week we call Who, Me? in which your fellow Regizens' tales of technical not-quite-competence brighten an otherwise dull Monday.�

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Penguins are OK with glaciers. Academics not so muchAh, gentle reader, we find ourselves once again at that juncture of the week we call Who, Me? in which your fellow Regizens' tales of technical not-quite-competence brighten an otherwise dull Monday.…

NuTyX is a French Linux distribution (with multi-language support) built from Linux From Scratch and Beyond Linux From Scratch, with a custom package manager called "cards". The project's latest snapshot is NuTyX 23.07.0 which introduces a JWM edition. "With the invaluable help of Dan (MiyoLinux), we're offering a....

Hi!

I have used CERTBOT and successfully get the SSL certificates.

However, I don't understand the purpose and difference between these 2 files:

/etc/letsencrypt/live/domain.com/fullchain.pem
/etc/letsencrypt/live/domain.com/privkey.pem

What does each one do?

Thanks!

In the following guide, you’ll learn how to install Chrony as an NTP server and client on an AlmaLinux 9 server.

The post Guide to Set up Chrony as NTP Server and Client on AlmaLinux 9 appeared first on Linux Today.

Published at LXer:

Zorin OS devs informed 9to5Linux today about the general availability of Zorin OS 16.3 as the third update to the latest Zorin OS 16 operating system series based on Ubuntu 22.04 LTS (Jammy Jellyfish).

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Zorin OS devs informed 9to5Linux today about the general availability of Zorin OS 16.3 as the third update to the latest Zorin OS 16 operating system series based on Ubuntu 22.04 LTS (Jammy Jellyfish).

Version:6.5-rc4 (mainline) Released:2023-07-30 Source:linux-6.5-rc4.tar.gz Patch:full (incremental)

This is an elderly Thinkpad that I keep as a spare or a loaner. Last week I was asked for it, so I installed the current crop of updates for Linux Mint.
Soon after I delivered it, they told me that they were unable to log-in; when I checked, I too was told 'Invalid password', so I simply took it home and reinstalled Mint, and for the moment it is running happily enough.

I did notice that while I was trying to log-in, and while the re-installation was proceeding, that a red light had appeared in the top right-hand corner of the bezel (photo attached). When the laptop was restarted with the new installation it did not reappear.

I would simply like to know, what does the light signify? I had never even noticed it was there, and it does not appear on my later model Thinkpad.

Thanks!
Attached Thumbnails  

Published at LXer:

'The solution to the surveillance economy seems to be more surveillance' Vivaldi boss tells El Reg. Google's Web Environment Integrity (WEI) proposal, according to one of the developers working on the controversial fraud fighting project, aims to make the web "more private and safe."�

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'The solution to the surveillance economy seems to be more surveillance' Vivaldi boss tells El Reg. Google's Web Environment Integrity (WEI) proposal, according to one of the developers working on the controversial fraud fighting project, aims to make the web "more private and safe."…

Hi

I'm trying to solve the test task.
I need to install Wordpress with Nginx, MySQL, PHP (7.3, 7.4, 8.0).

The 1st virtual host need to be handled via 7.3 PHP through the port 'pool' to 'inet'.
The 2nd virtual host need to be handled via 7.4 PHP through the port 'pool' to 'www'.
The 3rd virtual host need to be handled via 8 PHP through the socket.

Each vhost need to display phpinfo via the browser.

One of the puncts is "create directories /var/www/wp(1-3)". That let me suggest that there'd be 3 separate WP hosts (like 3 instances) each of them would be processed via own PHP version.

The question is: Does it possible to make such thing through one instance of Wordpress (and make WP handle separate host through separate PHP version) or there really should be 3 different instances?

Hello, I�m new to this forum and relatively new to Linux. I decided to try Linux Mint in an old HP Pavilion dv7t-6100 that was about 13 years old. It was ok, but I never got my Wi-Fi working quite right. And tried everything I could find on the internet.

I heard that the architecture of the motherboard of most Windows PC�s are optimized for the Windows operating system and that they don�t always work perfectly in Linux. So I decided that I would buy a Linux certified computer to give Linux (any distribution) a fair try, and I�m glad I did. I have tried many distributions that I ran from a thumb drive, just to check them out first, and I never had any problems with any device on my computer. It has worked flawlessly. I have had a few problems installing programs that gave me a fit.

My Lenovo ThinkPad T16 was certified for Ubuntu but I had a few problems with it. Some of the programs were not installed correctly out of the box so I decided to go with Kubuntu (Kubuntu 22.4.2 LTS KDE Plasma 5.24.7). I have really enjoyed it so far and have learned a few things (like stay away from BleachBit). I�m also trying to get better with the terminal and learning new commands.

Thanks thanks for accepting me as a member and I�m sure you�ll see more posts from me. Cheers!

Hello,

Using "make ARCH=x86_64 defconfig" + make, I created bzImage.
This image boots my PC when secure boot is disabled.
Grub 2.06 is used to boot bzImage

In order to boot when secure boot is enabled, can I use a signed bzImage ?
Or should I use another format ?

I tried to sign bzImage with sbsign and got:
error: bad shim signature
Of course - I enrolled the key created in the sign process.
I used the procedure described in:
https://ubuntu.com/blog/how-to-sign-...or-secure-boot

Thank you,
Zvika

Published at LXer:

KDE developers have announced which features they will remove in the upcoming Plasma 6 desktop environment. Here�s what they are!

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KDE developers have announced which features they will remove in the upcoming Plasma 6 desktop environment. Here’s what they are!

I sleep outside during Oregon's dry season, so I can stargaze myself to sleep, and during the periodic intervals where I wake up and look up.

There are way more satellites than there were when I stargazed as a child... it used to be we might see one or two a night... but now its difficult to at anytime look up and not see one... nevertheless, until last night, the satellites always travelled linearly. Even starlink's convoys of satellites still travelled linearly.

But last night, I saw multiple satellites zigzagging back and forth like drunk divers in their lane... or like skiiers of a slalom course; or like sine waves of shallow amplitude.

Has anyone else observed these phenomena? Any ideas?

Hi all.
Yesterday, after trying to get an Access Point running on my new Dell Vostro 3405, I found, on rebooting, that my Slackware 15.0 wasn't accessible anymore. On boot, the only thing I could do was going into the UEFI 'bios', where the Slackware partition wasn't listed anymore, or continue and get a grub (2.06) prompt.

This model is a hd-less, SSD-only laptop. I also tried with the bootable USB Slackware64 image I used to install the OS originally, but the pendrive doesn't appear in the bootable devices.

I looked over the grub commands, but did not see any familiar commands to manage disks.

Unless grub offers some way to repair things, I was thinking about trying to boot a minimal slack system over the network connection, and maybe be able to repair things from there.

I'd appreciate suggestions! I'm somewhat pressed because I need the machine for my teaching in a few days... Help!

Any command I issue in a terminal for apt immediately ends with a segmentation fault. This occurred after my computer had a sudden loss of power while in suspend mode.

now any apt commands seg fault.My distro presently is pclinuxos.